There are predisposing conditions for obstructive sleep apnea. Some of them are as shown in the following table commonly reported.
Condition
Example
Obesity
Adult Obesity
Age
More than 50 Years
Gender
Male
Neck Circumference
More than 40 cm
Nasal Obstruction
As in Septal Deviation
Pharyngeal Obstruction
Tonsillar and Adenoidal Hypertrophy
Larygeal Obstruction
Laryngomalacia, Tracheomalacia
Craniofacial Abnormalities
Down's, Micrognathia, Achondroplasia, Acromegaly, Macroglossia
Endocrine and Metabolic Causes
Hypothyroidism, Cushing's Disease
Neuromuscular Disorders
Stroke, Cerebral Palsy, Head Injury, Poliomyelitis, Myotonic Dystrophy Marfan's
Connective Tissue Disorders
Genetic Predisposition
Alcohol, Sedatives and Smoking
Medications and Anesthesia
Benzodiazepines, Anesthetics and Narcotics
Category
Condition
Prevalence (%)
Cardiac
Treatment-Resistant Hypertension
Congestive Heart Failure
Ischemic Heart Disease
Atrial Fibrillation
Dysrhythmias
63-83
76
38
49
58
Respiratory
Asthma
Pulmonary Hypertension
18
77
Neurologic
First-Ever Stroke
71-90
Metabolic
Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Metabolic Syndrome
Hypothyroidism
Morbid Obesity
36
50
45
50-90
Surgical
Bariatric Surgery
Intracranial Tumor Surgery
Epilepsy Surgery
71
64
33
Others
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Nocturia
Alcoholism
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Head and Neck Cancer
60
48
17
20
76
Comorbidities